Unit 56 56 (South Hills)

A high-harvest mule deer numbers unit built on the Sublett Range and broad farm valleys.

South-Central Idaho — Cassia/Oneida/Power County (Sublett Range & Raft River Valley) · Last reviewed 2026-07-12

Mule deer buck trotting across open prairie at dusk

Area

916

sq mi

Public land

49%

approx.

Elevation

4,400–7,500

feet

Motorized

moderate

access

Overview

Unit 56 sprawls across parts of Cassia, Oneida, and Power counties east of I-84, taking in the Sublett Range and the Raft River and Rockland valleys. It is a mixed farm-and-mountain unit — dryland grain and rangeland cover most of the ground, with the timbered Sublett Range (mostly in the Sawtooth National Forest) rising through the middle. Deer are the story here: the unit puts up the highest deer harvest of the South Hills group, though big bucks are rare and mostly come off private land. Elk are limited and draw-only, with a token moose tag and the occasional bear.

Terrain

The Sublett Range is steep in places but rounded rather than rugged, wrapped by broad, gently rolling dryland-farm and sage valleys along the Raft River and Rockland drainages.

Cover: Dryland agriculture is the single largest cover (~42%) mixed with sagebrush rangeland (~37%); forest (~13%) of Douglas-fir, aspen, and juniper caps the Sublett Range, with irrigated ground along the valley bottoms.

Landmarks: Sublett Range · Sublett Reservoir · Raft River valley · Rockland valley · Malta · Sublett

Access

About 49% public, but it is checkerboarded against roughly 51% private farm and ranch ground — legal access to public parcels often means crossing or bordering private. The forested Sublett Range core is the reliable public anchor; BLM parcels are scattered through the valleys. No Access Yes! properties are currently enrolled, so ownership homework is essential.

Managers: BLM, Sawtooth NF (USFS), Caribou-Targhee NF (USFS), Idaho Dept of Lands (IDL)

Access points: Malta-Sublett Road into the Sublett Range · Sublett Reservoir and Forest roads · BLM parcels off the Raft River and Rockland valley county roads · I-84 / I-86 corridor exits

Species notes

Mule Deer

abundant opportunity

The unit's calling card and the highest deer harvest in the South Hills group — large deer populations spread across both public and private ground. Big bucks are rare and tend to come off private land, so this is a general-season numbers-and-opportunity hunt rather than a trophy unit.

  • Glass sage-farm edges and the foothill fingers of the Sublett Range at first and last light
  • Hunt the timbered Sublett core and its aspen pockets for bucks that hold off the ag ground
  • Late season, watch deer concentrate on lower winter range and dryland-farm margins

Rocky Mountain Elk

limited opportunity

Elk numbers are limited and rifle tags are controlled (draw-only). Part of the South Hills Elk Zone; success is low, but the Sublett timber holds animals for hunters who draw and put in the effort.

  • Work the timbered Sublett Range and its brushy draws where elk hold cover
  • Hunt the forest-farm transition at dawn and dusk
  • Glass high basins early season before pressure pushes elk into thick timber

Moose

limited quality

A very small controlled-hunt moose opportunity — only a couple of tags but essentially full success for those who draw. Moose use the wetter timbered pockets and riparian bottoms.

  • Hunt willow and aspen bottoms and mountain meadows in the Sublett Range
  • Scout water sources and forage ahead of the season to locate bulls

Black Bear

transient low

Black bears are transient and scarce in this largely farm-and-sage unit — harvest is essentially nil. An incidental encounter, not a reason to buy a tag.

  • If chasing bears, focus the brushy timbered draws and berry patches of the Sublett Range in spring
  • Glass green forage on the forest fringe early and late

Pro tips

  • This is a deer-numbers unit — expect average bucks and good opportunity, with the biggest deer tied to private ground.
  • Sort the checkerboard before opening day; carry a current ownership map to keep public hunting legal.
  • The Sublett Range timber is the dependable public anchor in a private-heavy unit.
  • Elk are draw-only here — check the current South Hills Zone controlled-hunt structure before applying.
  • Late-season storms concentrate deer on lower winter range near the farm-sage edge.

Watch out for

  • !Roughly 51% private, checkerboarded with public — trespass risk is high without a good map.
  • !Dryland-farm and dirt roads become impassable after rain.
  • !No Access Yes! properties enrolled — plan your own legal access.
  • !Whitetail are essentially absent; don't expect river-breaks whitetail hunting here.

Logistics

Burley (off I-84) is the nearest full-service town for fuel, lodging, and licenses; Malta and Rockland offer limited supplies close to the field. Sublett Reservoir provides camping and a Forest-road gateway into the range, and also holds decent trout fishing for down time.

Nearest towns: Malta, Burley, Declo, Rockland, American Falls

Nearby units

FAQ

How big is Unit 56 in Idaho?
Unit 56 (56 (South Hills)) covers about 916 square miles, ranging from roughly 4,400 to 7,500 feet in elevation. Area is computed from the unit boundary polygon.
How much public land is in Unit 56?
Approximately 49% of the unit is public land. Primary managers: BLM, Sawtooth NF (USFS), Caribou-Targhee NF (USFS), Idaho Dept of Lands (IDL). Always verify ownership boundaries on the ground.
What species does the catalog list for Unit 56?
Mule Deer, Rocky Mountain Elk, Moose, Black Bear. For seasons, tags, and regulations, use the official Idaho agency resources linked on this page — this page carries no regulatory information.

Put Unit 56 on your map.

Boundary lines, public/private ownership, topo, and offline maps for this unit — in Baseline Maps, free for 14 days.