Unit 565 District 565 (Region 5)

Near-total public wilderness backcountry at the head of the Boulder River

Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness — Region 5 (South-Central Montana) · Last reviewed 2026-07-12

Bull elk standing at the edge of dark timber

Area

205

sq mi

Public land

99%

approx.

Elevation

6,000–11,200

feet

Motorized

wilderness

access

Overview

District 565 is a small, high, nearly all-public unit in the Absaroka Range at the head of the Boulder River south of Big Timber and McLeod, tucked against the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness. Roughly 99% public land climbing from around 6,000 feet to over 11,000, it is remote, rugged mountain country reached by backpack or horseback and laced with high-lake trails. Deer and elk numbers aren't dense, but the draw is a true wilderness experience on National Forest with high-country mule deer, elk, mountain goat and the chance at other alpine game. This is Greater Yellowstone grizzly country — hunt accordingly.

Terrain

Steep, remote Absaroka mountain terrain rising from timbered Boulder River drainages through avalanche chutes and cirques to alpine basins, high lakes and rocky peaks.

Cover: Douglas-fir, lodgepole and Engelmann spruce/subalpine fir in the drainages; willow bottoms along creeks; alpine meadow, krummholz and rock above timberline.

Landmarks: Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness · Boulder River · Absaroka Range · high alpine lakes · Custer Gallatin National Forest

Access

Almost entirely public National Forest and designated Wilderness, so private-land access is a non-issue — the challenge is the terrain, not permission. The Main Boulder Road (FS road) up from McLeod/Big Timber is the primary vehicle access to trailheads; from there it is foot or horseback into wilderness. Numerous high-lake trails provide good backcountry access. No motorized travel is allowed inside the wilderness.

Managers: USFS Custer Gallatin NF, USFS wilderness (Absaroka-Beartooth), MT DNRC state trust

Access points: Main Boulder Road (FS) south from McLeod/Big Timber · Boulder River trailheads · West Boulder access · high-lake trail system · Custer Gallatin NF campgrounds

Species notes

Rocky Mountain Elk

common opportunity

Elk use the timbered drainages and high parks; concentrations aren't high, but wilderness bulls hold in remote pockets away from pressure.

  • Backpack or ride deep past the trailhead crowds
  • Glass high parks and timber edges at first light
  • Hunt north-slope timber and drainage heads
  • Locate herds early, then move in before weather closes the high country

Mule Deer

common opportunity

High-country mule deer inhabit the alpine basins, benches and timber edges; remote terrain lets some bucks reach good age.

  • Glass alpine basins and open south slopes above timberline
  • Hunt the high country early before snow pushes deer down
  • Spot-and-stalk with the thermals in steep terrain

Mountain Goat

limited quality

Mountain goats occupy the high cliffs and alpine terrain of the Absaroka peaks (limited-permit only).

  • Glass cliff bands, rock faces and alpine benches
  • Plan a physical, multi-day backcountry hunt
  • Judge billies carefully in the rocks

Moose

limited opportunity

Shiras moose use the willow bottoms and beaver-pond corridors along the Boulder River drainages (limited-permit only).

  • Still-hunt willow flats and creek bottoms at dawn and dusk
  • Check beaver ponds and wet meadows
  • Move slowly and glass the riparian edges

Black Bear

common opportunity

Black bear inhabit the timbered drainages and avalanche chutes; grizzlies are also present throughout this Greater Yellowstone wilderness — identify carefully.

  • Glass green-up avalanche chutes and berry slopes
  • Watch drainage-head meadows in the timber
  • Confirm species with certainty before any shot — grizzlies share this country

Pro tips

  • Access isn't the problem — 99% public; fitness, weather and logistics are. Come prepared for a real backcountry hunt
  • Get past the trailhead pressure via backpack or horseback for undisturbed elk and deer
  • Watch the forecast — an early snowstorm can strand you or close the high country overnight
  • Hunt high early in the season; be ready to drop with the game when storms hit
  • Carry bear spray and practice strict game-handling — this is Greater Yellowstone grizzly country

Watch out for

  • !Greater Yellowstone grizzly country — carry bear spray, hang/store meat properly, and identify bears with certainty
  • !Early and severe mountain snow can close access and movement with little warning
  • !Remote, steep wilderness far from help — go self-sufficient with navigation, shelter and a plan
  • !No motorized travel inside the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness — plan foot or stock access

Logistics

Big Timber is the nearest service town for lodging, fuel and supplies, with tiny McLeod up the Boulder and Livingston a larger hub to the west. Access is a long drive up the Main Boulder Road to trailheads, then backpack or stock into the wilderness. Plan a self-sufficient backcountry trip; there is no help deep in the mountains and weather turns fast.

Nearest towns: Big Timber, McLeod, Livingston

Nearby units

FAQ

How big is Unit 565 in Montana?
Unit 565 (District 565 (Region 5)) covers about 205 square miles, ranging from roughly 6,000 to 11,200 feet in elevation. Area is computed from the unit boundary polygon.
How much public land is in Unit 565?
Approximately 99% of the unit is public land. Primary managers: USFS Custer Gallatin NF, USFS wilderness (Absaroka-Beartooth), MT DNRC state trust. Always verify ownership boundaries on the ground.
What species does the catalog list for Unit 565?
Rocky Mountain Elk, Mule Deer, Mountain Goat, Moose, Black Bear. For seasons, tags, and regulations, use the official Montana agency resources linked on this page — this page carries no regulatory information.

Put Unit 565 on your map.

Boundary lines, public/private ownership, topo, and offline maps for this unit — in Baseline Maps, free for 14 days.